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Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a significant component of all cell membranes as they can form lipid bilayers. Phospholipids have a unique amphiphilic character, making them most suitable to be used as excipients for poorly water-soluble drugs. Phospholipids are an attractive delivery vehicle to enhance the absorption across lipid-rich biological barriers and increase the efficacy of drugs with subsequent improved therapeutic effects.
Soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), a class of phospholipids, is an active constituent of soybean. SPC has many outstanding advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, metabolic activity, and low toxicity and cytotoxicity. These abundant characteristics make SPC an attractive candidate for the production of pharmaceutical dosage forms for delivery systems.
Fig.1 CUR-SPC complex-based self-assembled NPs. (Xie, 2017)
SPC can be successfully used as a palletization excipient which can act as a solubility enhancer for poorly water-soluble drugs. In one study, researchers developed a drug-phospholipid complex-based therapeutic system. Drugs can be complexed with SPC by a co-solvent procedure to increase the solubility and improve amphiphilicity. In this system, the inner SPC-drug complex could contribute to a high-loading capability to reduce the drug release and enhance the anticancer activity. Therefore, the SPC-based delivery system substantially improves bioavailability, enhances efficacy, and provides fundamental advantages for some drugs' clinical application.
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