Glyceryl Behenate

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Background

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) are carriers composed of a solid core suitable to target drugs to specific associated systems. SLNs could be described as a nano-emulsion in which the liquid lipid core of the droplets is substituted by a solid one. SLNs have been explored for many drug delivery applications due to many unique properties such as small size, large surface area, and high drug loading. Various solid lipids are used to prepare SLNs such as partial glycerides (e.g., glyceryl behenate). SLNs offer a significant advantage in improved physical stability, controlled release, biocompatibility, and are easily scaled up, these lipid carriers can be employed as potential delivery systems for many types of molecules.

Fig.1 The structure of SLNs with advantages over liposomes and lipid emulsion. (Tekade, 2017)

Glyceryl Behenate-based Delivery System

Because of physiologically compatible lipids, glyceryl behenate-based SLNs present a safe and effective alternative for delivery. Glyceryl behenate (i.e., Compritol 888 ATO) can be selected as the solid lipid matrix for encapsulation of many molecules and is an ideal excipient for SLNs.

• A study found that SLN prepared with glyceryl behenate showed high drug entrapment. It contains mono, di and triglycerides and produces less ordered lipid crystals than glyceryl stearate. In addition, SLN prepared using glyceryl behenate, glycerol monostearate, and stearic acid, resulting in an increase in particle size, polydispersity index and entrapment efficiency after prolonged storage.
• Researchers recently developed cationic SLNs composed of glyceryl behenate and stearic acid. The optimized formulation elicited more significant drug loading. The in vivo animal study showed that higher blood levels are achieved after intravenous administration, and major drug accumulation within target tissues are shown compared with drug solution alone.

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Reference

1. Tekade, R. K.; et al. Solid lipid nanoparticles for targeting and delivery of drugs and genes. In Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Targeting and Delivery of Drugs and Genes. Academic Press. 2017, pp. 256-286.