Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) is an organic sulfate compound, which is connected to the sulfate group by a 12 carbon chain as the tail. The molecular formula is C12H22SO4Na and the molecular weight is 288.5. SDS can be prepared by the reaction of dodecanol with sulfuric acid and the product with sodium hydroxide. It is the most common sulfate surfactant and maybe the most widely studied anionic surfactant in science. Like other surfactants, SDS has hydrophilic and hydrophobic amphiphilic molecules.
Fig.1 The structure of SDS.
The SDS iron silicophosphate (SDS/FeSP) nanocomposite was prepared by the co-precipitation method. The SDS/FeSP nanocomposite showed good controllable drug delivery and no cytotoxicity. Its ion exchange capacity is 1.03 meq g-1. The addition of surfactant provided mechanical strength and a large surface area. It is possible to control the release rate of ondansetron from SDS/FeSP nanocomposite by varying the pH of the medium. The release rate of ondansetron from SDS/FeSP nanocomposites can be controlled by changing the pH value of the medium. With the increase of concentration, SDS/FeSP nanocomposites have the effect of proliferation, which indicates that it regulates the immune response. Therefore, SDS/FeSP nanocomposites play an important role in targeted controlled drug delivery systems.
Fig.2 Cumulative % ondansetron release by SDS/FeSP nanocomposite. (Sharma, 2018)
Zedoary turmeric has good pharmacological activity and is extracted from the volatile oil of rhizomes available from the Zinigiber zerumbet. However, due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability, its clinical development has been hindered. Nano suspension is a method to improve the oral bioavailability of insoluble drugs. To improve this situation, a nanosuspension formulation of zerumbone was prepared by the high pressure homogenization (HPH) method. In this formulation, polymeric (HPMC) and surfactant (SDS) based stabilizers are selected because the adsorbed polymer and surfactant layers are stronger and can prevent aggregation. The optimised formulation showed good particle size reduction and short-term stability. The study of dissolution and saturated solubility showed that the freeze-dried zerumbone nanosuspensions could improve the dissolution rate and solubility of the drug compared to its unprocessed form. These results indicated that the nanosuspensionlization improves the saturation solubility and dissolution profile of zerumbone, which is helpful for its application as a therapeutic drug in the future.
Fig.3 Micrographs (×1000 magnification) of freeze-dried SDS-zerumbone nanosuspensions (A) and freeze-dried HPMC-zerumbone nanosuspension. (Md, 2018)
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