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Bile salts possess a rigid steroidal skeleton containing four rings. As a consequence of their structure which is characterized by a weak separation between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions and the micellar aggregation of bile salts is driven by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic effect. Bile salt aggregates can carry both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug molecules because of the presence of different binding sites. In addition to their biological role in digestion, bile salts have been applied in drug delivery systems. Sodium taurodeoxycholate is the most common bile salt.
Fig. 1 Chemical structure of sodium taurodeoxycholate.
Sodium taurodeoxycholate is used in hydrophobic ion pairing as the anionic counterion. Hydrophobic ion pairing has been proved to be one of the crucial ways to modulate the solubility of charged hydrophilic molecules ranging from small molecules to large ones. Hydrophobic ion pairing refers to the highly efficient encapsulation of charged hydrophilic molecules into nanocarriers or nanoparticles, which can be used for drug delivery. With this approach, studies have reported encapsulation efficiencies up to 100% and drug loadings up to 30%.
A recent study showed that the influence of sodium taurodeoxycholate on components of the biological membrane can be correlated with an increase in permeability of the everted intestine to phenol red in the company of the diversified surfactant concentrations. The interaction of the surfactant with the biological membrane probably induces an acceleration of the loss of structural integrity of the preparation, leading to increased permeability to phenol red. In addition, the biliary effects of sodium taurodeoxycholate were investigated in anesthetized dogs and rats, and the isolated perfused rat liver.
There is evidence that showed that sodium taurodeoxycholate increases the permeability of the everted intestine to salicylate.
What's more, sodium taurodeoxycholate is usually used in western blot analysis. Western blot analysis was performed on fully-confluent Cre-responsive cell lines and the cells were lysed using RIPA buffer composed of 150 mM NaCl, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, 1% octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, and 50 mM Tris, pH 8.0.
In recent years, sodium taurodeoxycholate has been widely used in numerous fields. Creative Biolabs provides mRNA delivery services that can be readily applied in drug delivery research to meet your project requirements. Please contact us for more information and a detailed quote.
